Summary Individuals with pica tend to crave and eat non-food substances. This disorder may particularly affect children, pregnant women, and individuals with mental disabilities. Rumination disorder is another newly recognized eating disorder. It describes a condition in which a person regurgitates food they have previously chewed and swallowed, re-chews it, and then either re-swallows it or spits it out This rumination typically occurs within the first 30 minutes after a meal.
This disorder can develop during infancy, childhood, or adulthood. In infants, it tends to develop between 3—12 months of age and often disappears on its own. Children and adults with the condition usually require therapy to resolve it. If not resolved in infants, rumination disorder can result in weight loss and severe malnutrition that can be fatal.
Adults with this disorder may restrict the amount of food they eat, especially in public. This may lead them to lose weight and become underweight 8 , Summary Rumination disorder can affect people at all stages of life.
Then, they chew it again and either swallow it or spit it out. Individuals with this disorder experience disturbed eating either due to a lack of interest in eating or distaste for certain smells, tastes, colors, textures, or temperatures. Moreover, it does not include the avoidance or restriction of foods due to lack of availability or religious or cultural practices.
This is either due to a lack of interest in food or an intense distaste for how certain foods look, smell, or taste. In addition to the six eating disorders above, less-known or less common eating disorders also exist. These generally fall under one of three categories 8 :.
Although increasingly mentioned in the media and scientific studies, orthorexia has yet to be recognized as a separate eating disorder by the current DSM. Individuals with orthorexia tend to have an obsessive focus on healthy eating, to an extent that disrupts their daily lives. This can lead to malnutrition, severe weight loss, difficulty eating outside the home, and emotional distress. Individuals with orthorexia rarely focus on losing weight.
Instead, their self-worth, identity, or satisfaction is dependent upon how well they comply with their self-imposed diet rules Summary Purging disorder and night eating syndrome are two additional eating disorders that are currently not well described. The categories above are meant to provide a better understanding of the most common eating disorders and dispel myths about them.
Eating disorders are mental health conditions that usually require treatment. They can also be damaging to the body if left untreated. If you have an eating disorder or know someone that might have one, seek help from a healthcare practitioner that specializes in eating disorders. You can book an appointment with an eating disorder specialist in your area using our Healthline FindCare tool.
Its current publication date reflects an update, which includes a medical review by Timothy J. Legg, PhD, PsyD. NIMH supports a wide range of research, including clinical trials that look at new ways to prevent, detect, or treat diseases and conditions, including eating disorders.
Although individuals may benefit from being part of a clinical trial, participants should be aware that the primary purpose of a clinical trial is to gain new scientific knowledge so that others may be better helped in the future. Researchers at NIMH and around the country conduct clinical trials with patients and healthy volunteers. Talk to your health care provider about clinical trials, their benefits and risks, and whether one is right for you.
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Share Page. Eating disorders: What age at onset? Psychiatry Res. J Abnorm Psychol. Prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of DSM-5 eating disorders in the Australian population. Eating disorders in men: underdiagnosed, undertreated, and misunderstood. Eat Disord. The factsEating disorders are serious, complex and potentially life-threatening mental illnesses.
They are characterised by disturbances in behaviours, thoughts and attitudes to food, eating, and body weight or shape. You may also need regular health checks if your eating disorder is having an impact on your physical health.
Your treatment may also involve working through a guided self-help programme if you have bulimia or binge eating disorder. Most people will be offered individual therapy, but those with binge eating disorder may be offered group therapy.
Treatment for other specified feeding or eating disorder OSFED will depend on the type of eating disorder your symptoms are most like. For example, if your symptoms are most like anorexia, your treatment will be similar to the treatment for anorexia. Page last reviewed: 12 February Next review due: 12 February Overview — Eating disorders. With treatment, most people can recover from an eating disorder. Coronavirus advice Information: You can get advice and support during the coronavirus outbreak from the eating disorder charity Beat.
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